Government
Cambodia is set up as a multi-party democracy under a constitutional monarchy. The King serves as the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of the Royal Government of Cambodia. Norodom Sihamoni,1 the King, was crowned in 2004 after the abdication of ...
Higher education
Higher education, in general, refers to education beyond the secondary level. Higher education institutions (HEIs) in Cambodia can be classified into three categories: The Royal Academy, university, and college. Cambodia’s higher education consists of an associate degree, four years of undergraduate education, two years of ...
Bilateral development assistance
Phum Doung Bridge over the Tatai River. Photo by Robert Tyabji, taken on 9 December 2010. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Bilateral aid is assistance given by a government directly to the government of another country or to a local NGO. The Royal Government of Cambodia ...
Development policies and administration
Products from Vietnam arrive at the Phnom Penh Autonomous Port in Kandal province. Photo by World Bank Photo Collection, taken on 23 February 2013. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0The Comprehensive Cambodian Peace Agreement, commonly referred to as the Paris Agreement, is seen as the beginning ...
Sugarcane
Growth in sugar production in Cambodia has created significant potential for sugarcane-based biofuel production. That potential has not yet been realized, though recent foreign investment may give rise to change. There are several types of sugar crop: sugarcane, sugar palm trees and sugar beets. Sugarcane ...
Judiciary and courts
The judiciary is one of the three powers, together with the executive (the Government) and legislative (the National Assembly and the Senate), that constitute the state. 241 Its role is to monitor the application of the law and punish its violation. This power is vested ...
Major banks
In 2020, COVID-19 severely impacted both the global and Cambodia economies. The banking system in Cambodia is also affected but at a moderate and manageable level.289 The National Bank of Cambodia (NBC), Cambodia Microfinance Association, and other relevant institutions pointed out the rate of the ...
SDG 14 Life below water
Sustainable Development Goal 14 is primarily about the interactions of humans with the oceans. Specifically, it aims to conserve and manage the use of oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.311 A UN General Assembly call for action has been used to clearly articulate ...
Garments and textiles
The garment industry has rooted in Cambodia earlier than the footwear industry. As a result of trade privileges given by the U.S. and EU, both industries have blossomed. As of 2013, the garment and footwear industries were accountable for about 80 percent of Cambodia’s total ...
Forest products
Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary. Photo by U.S. Embassy Phnom Penh on 09 June 2016. Licensed under CC BY-ND 2.0.Cambodia had over 8 million hectares of forest resources in 2020, accounting for 44.7% of the country’s total land area. 383 The state owns the whole forest ...
Small and medium enterprises SME
Small and medium enterprises (SME) have long been considered a vital driver to economic growth for developing economies. SMEs stimulate job creation throughout the country. Migration of employment to neighboring countries and the unemployment rate has significantly decreased due to a rising number of SMEs, ...
Agriculture and fishing
Rice farmers working in the field, Kandal province, Cambodia. Photo by ILO/ Khem Sovannara, taken on 12 July 2007. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Agriculture continues to play an important role in Cambodia’s economy, but it provides a livelihood for a smaller proportion of today’s population ...
Budget and public procurement
National budget on uptrendIn the last three years, Cambodia’s national budget has seen significant growth of around US$ 1.6 billion, from US$ 3.4 billion in 2014468 to US$ 5 billion in 2017.469 This is an average annual increase of almost 14%. The increase can be ...
Overview of policy and legal framework
Environmental protection and conservation are given high priority in the Royal Government of Cambodia’s guiding strategy, the Rectangular Strategy Phase III (2014–2018). ...
Social development
A trained medical staff listens to the heartbeat of an infant at 16 Makara hospital in Preah Vihear, Cambodia. Photo by The World Bank, taken on 30 January 2013. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Social development addresses profound social problems,508 especially poverty, unemployment and social exclusion, ...
Vocational education
By definition, Vocational education refers to the program that enables people to acquire highly transferable and development skills. It also grants people the necessary technical skill for their desired career.575 Cambodia’s vocational education plays an important role during the country’s economic structural transition and the ...
Environmental impact assessments
The primary legal requirements for environmental impact assessments (EIAs) in Cambodia are set out in Content II, Book V of the Environment and Natural Resource Code639, Chapter III of the Law on Environmental Protection and Natural Resource Management 1996640(EPNRM Law), and the Sub-Decree no. 72 ...
Workshop on using open EIA reporting to drive accountable and transparent environmental governance in Cambodia
On 01 October 2020, Open Development Cambodia (ODC) hosted a half-day workshop on “Using Open EIA Reporting to Drive Accountable and Transparent Environmental Governance in Cambodia”. The event brought together 35 participants coming from various institutions, including local and international NGOs, grassroots organizations and media ...
Cambodia’s agriculture sector amid COVID-19
Agriculture has been considered as the backbone of the national economy. Of the total population, 76% were living in rural areas and agriculture provided 31.2% of total employment and contributed 20.7% to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2019.669 However, the global pandemic caused by COVID-19 ...
