The Royal Government of Cambodia has continued its effort to reform the education sector at all levels. Over the years, policies and regulations have been enforced to improve education quality, accessibility, efficiency, effectiveness, inclusiveness, and transparency. Those policies and regulations include Education Strategic Plan 2019-2023, ...

Phum Doung Bridge over the Tatai River. Photo by Robert Tyabji, taken on  9 December 2010. Licensed under  CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Bilateral aid is assistance given by a government directly to the government of another country or to a local NGO. The Royal Government of Cambodia ...

The judiciary is one of the three powers, together with the executive (the Government) and legislative (the National Assembly and the Senate), that constitute the state. 111 Its role is to monitor the application of the law and punish its violation. This power is vested ...

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) was established in 1966 which headquarter is in Manila and currently has 68 members under its institution. The ADB aims to assist members and partners by providing loans, technical assistance, grants, and investments to promote socio-economic development.159 The ADB has ...

Sustainable Development Goal 14 is primarily about the interactions of humans with the oceans. Specifically, it aims to conserve and manage the use of oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.207 A UN General Assembly call for action has been used to clearly articulate ...

SDG 9 focuses on the development of sustainable and resilient infrastructure and industries, including small-scale enterprises. It encourages scientific research and the upgrade of the technological capabilities of industries. Access to information and communications technology and affordable Internet access are included. The goal has 5 ...

Criminal litigation refers to the judicial procedure held before a criminal court to resolve accusations brought against a person accused of a criminal offense. As defined in the law, “The purpose of a criminal action is to examine the existence of an offense, to prove ...

Digital technologies offer both unprecedented opportunities and challenges in light of the ever-evolving digital landscape. While there is tremendous potential for positive transformations, it is essential to acknowledge that the misuse of the internet can contribute to divisions, insecurity, human rights violations, and inequality. Given ...

After the first general election in 1993, the government prepared and implemented a comprehensive micro- and macroeconomic policy and structural reform program to integrate Cambodia’s economy into the region and the world as well as stimulate its economic growth.407 In the two decades following that ...

Rice farmers working in the field, Kandal province, Cambodia. Photo by ILO/ Khem Sovannara, taken on 12 July 2007. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Agriculture continues to play an important role in Cambodia’s economy, but it provides a livelihood for a smaller proportion of today’s population ...

One of the key goals of the 2030 Agenda is to “decouple economic growth from resource use and environmental degradation”.568 Sustainable consumption and production involves promotion of resource and energy efficiency as well as reduction of economic, social and environmental costs. These are intended to ...

Sustainable Development Goal 6 has 8 targets and 11 indicators, which will be used to drive action towards achieving universal access to safely managed water and sanitation and appropriate management of water resources.597 SDG 6 recognizes that sustainably managing water goes beyond providing a safe water ...

SDG 13 is aimed at taking urgent action to combat climate change impacts by developing the capacity of each country to mitigate climate risks and work towards adaptation. Least developed nations, landlocked countries and small island states are recognised as especially in need of support ...

SDG 15 focuses on the sustainable use of terrestrial (land-based) biodiversity and ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, deserts and mountains and their interaction with freshwater systems. It aims to protect and restore their ecological function. The work includes applying sustainable land and forest management practices and ...

The first outbreak of COVID-19 was reported in China in late 2019 and on 30 January 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).811 The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the global economy and the growing crisis ...

N.B. After receiving feedback from Forestry Administration and other organizations, ODC has updated the data on this page and included forest cover 2014, adopting the methodology outlined in the notes that you can read here. Please contact us if you have any questions about these ...

Cambodia has added an 18th goal to its localized version of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) – “End the negative impact of mines/ERW and promote victim assistance”.924 The SDGs were adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015 as a universal call to action ...

Som Visal, Cambodia Academy of Digital TechnologyData Analyst and Web Developer Intern, January – April 2024Visal is a Data Analyst and Web Developer intern at the Open Development Cambodia Organization (ODC). Currently, he is majoring in Computer Science at the Cambodia Academy of Digital Technology. During ...

By making information accessible to anyone with an internet connection, ODC facilitates rational, fact‑based dialogue, improved communication, strengthened policy making, and better development planning across all sectors. The ODC website has been featured on Le Petit Journal, an online French newspaper, as a case of ...

On December 7th and 8th, a small team from ODC jumped in a bus and traveled to Kampong Som to participate in BarCamp Sihanoukville. The conference was held at Build Bright University. The day-and-a-half-long event featured presentations from specialists of many fields and interests, including ...