Expropriation
The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia and the Land Law of 2001 both guarantee an individual’s right to property protection. Though part of the Government’s policy framework since 2002, not until 2010 did a legal framework exist to govern the process by which the ss='cambodia-color'>...
Law making process
The law-making process is about making and enacting new laws or revising existing laws.In the Kingdom of Cambodia, three institutions can initiate the law-making process: any member of the National Assembly, any member of the senate and the prime minister. 1 Most of the texts ss='cambodia-color'>...
Gemstone mining
There is no large-scale industrial mining of gems in Cambodia, and few full-time miners. Most people involved in looking for gemstones fit it around other work – typically farm work – and mostly do it without licenses. As with artisanal mining, miners are often very ss='cambodia-color'>...
Land tenure and land titling funding
World Bank Headquarters, 2013: World Bank/IMF spring Meetings. Photo by simone D. McCourte, World Bank, taken on 16 April 2013. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Funding data on development and assistance to land tenure and titling issues presents an incomplete and conflicting picture. Though various sources exist ss='cambodia-color'>...
Infrastructure
A national road in Cambodia. Photo by Pat Scullion, taken on 2 April 2010 under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0InfraStructure deScribeS the built aSSetS that allow a country to function, Such aS roadS, railwayS, portS, airportS, communication SyStemS, electricity and drinking water diStribution networkS. The MiniStry of SS='cambodia-color'>...
Disaster preparedness and emergency response policy and administration
In the World Risk Index for 2020, Cambodia was ranked as the 16th most vulnerable country in the world out of 181 countries listed.159 Global climate changes and ongoing disasters such as storms, floods and droughts are big challenges partly because of a lack of ss='cambodia-color'>...
SDG 12 Responsible consumption and production
One of the key goals of the 2030 Agenda is to “decouple economic growth from resource use and environmental degradation”.213 sustainable consumption and production involves promotion of resource and energy efficiency as well as reduction of economic, social and environmental costs. These are intended to ss='cambodia-color'>...
Carbon trading and other Payments for Ecological Services (PES)
Forest view. Photo by Open Development Cambodia, taken on 05 December 2021. Under license CC BY-sA 4.0.Cambodia is covered with forest, accounting for around 13.1 million hectares in 1973, and it is had fallen to 8.7 million hectares in 2014.242 However, based on the Ministry ss='cambodia-color'>...
SDG 5 Gender equality
The SuStainable Development Goal 5 (SDG 5) iS initiated to “achieve gender equality and empower all women and girlS”. The global SDG 5 conSiStS of 9 targetS (3 targetS aS meanS of implementation) and 14 indicatorS. The objectiveS of SDG 5 are expreSSed in termS SS='cambodia-color'>...
Anti-corruption
Anti-Corruption Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Photo by Michael Coghlan, taken on 9 January 2014. Licensed under CC BY-sA 2.0In the 2016 Corruption Perceptions Index published by Transparency International, released in January 2017, Cambodia ranked 156th out of 176 countries.346 Cambodia has the lowest score of all ss='cambodia-color'>...
Legal aid providers
Legal aid is provided either by the Bar Association of the Kingdom of Cambodia (BAKC), internationally funded Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and public interest law firms. A special legal team under the supervision of the Prime Minister, aiming to assist impoverished women, particularly those in prison, ss='cambodia-color'>...
Quarrying
Small-Scale quarrieS producing conStruction materialS are a key part of the mining induStry in Cambodia. Clay for brick and tile manufacturing and Sand and gravel are found in many locationS.Under the Law on Mineral ReSource Management and Exploitation (‘the mining law’) there are Six typeS SS='cambodia-color'>...
Provincial and local governments
Patients are registered during the outreach screening at Vien Health Center. Photo by Community Eye Health, taken in 2006. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0The Kingdom of Cambodia is an indivisible state. The country’s administration at all levels and in all sectors falls under the same ss='cambodia-color'>...
Investment policy and regulations
Cambodia’s economy has experienced an impressive performance, reflected in its rapid economic growth and significant poverty reduction. Part of this is the result of the relative openness of Cambodia towards foreign investors. Domestic investment has also been growing, although at a lower rate than other ss='cambodia-color'>...
Forest protection
Deforestation has always been a problem in Cambodia since the 1970s, and it has aggravated inthe last decade. some protected areas have been deforested. Between 2001 and 2018, Cambodia had lost 557,000 hectares (11.7%) of forest cover in protected areas.451 This loss has had an ss='cambodia-color'>...
Construction
Construction on a Phnom Penh tower block. Photo by Axel Drainville, taken on 4 May 2011. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0The construction industry has boomed in Cambodia. From 2000 to November 2018, Cambodia’s Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction approved 43,136 construction projects representing ss='cambodia-color'>...
Sustainable Development Goals
In September 2015, the UN General ASSembly adopted the new 2030 Agenda for SuStainable Development. ThiS contained 17 itemS that have become known aS the UN SuStainable Development GoalS (SDGS), intended to drive action in critically important areaS to the year 2030. TheSe goalS have SS='cambodia-color'>...
SDG 11 Sustainable cities and communities
SDG 11 &ndaSh; “Making citieS and human SettlementS incluSive, Safe, reSilient and SuStainable” &ndaSh;&nbSp;aimS to improve houSing, tranSport, public SpaceS and urban environmentS, and StrengthenS reSilience to diSaSterS and climate change.There are Seven targetS covering Specific areaS and three meanS of implementation targetS.601 MoSt of the SS='cambodia-color'>...
Non-governmental preparedness and response agencies
Cambodia has a large number of United Nations agencies, international and national non-governmental organizations (NGOs) engaged in humanitarian, rehabilitation, and development initiatives as well as disaster risk reduction and disaster management.Under the Law on Disaster Management (2015), Article 32, if the National Committee for Disaster ss='cambodia-color'>...
Ministry of Commerce
In 1996, the Ministry of Commerce (MoC) was established by law. Its organization and functioning is defined by a sub-decree of the Royal Government of Cambodia. After a nomination of the Prime Minister’s candidate and the vote of confidence on the cabinet by the National ss='cambodia-color'>...
