Products from Vietnam arrive at the Phnom Penh Autonomous Port in Kandal province. Photo by World Bank Photo Collection, taken on 23 February 2013.  licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0The Comprehensive Cambodian Peace Agreement, commonly referred to as the Paris Agreement, is seen as the beginning lass='cambodia-color'>...

Public land leases are grants of state lands to private entities in the form of a contractual rental agreement. These leases often take the form of land concessions, in particular economic land concessions. They are often associated with land conflicts and disputes. lass='cambodia-color'>...

Woman working in the salt fields in Kampot. Photo by douglasjonesjr, taken on 28 March 2014. licensed under CC BY 2.0.Salt is produced in Kampot and Kep provinces, where seawater is allowed into salt evaporation ponds  As the water evaporates, salt crystals are left behind lass='cambodia-color'>...

Defining and measuring forests is not an easy business. Definitions that initially sound very similar can turn out to have crucial differences. Understanding the terms is important for understanding forest use, forest cover, forest laws and policies and deforestation. lass='cambodia-color'>...

Counting money. Photo by Aaron Gilson, taken on 5 April 2013. licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Cambodia re-opened for international trade in the 1980s, opened up to foreign investment in 1994, joined ASEAN in 1999, and became a member of the WTO in 2004. Its bilateral lass='cambodia-color'>...

A national road in Cambodia. Photo by Pat Scullion, taken on 2 April 2010 under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Infrastructure describes the built assets that allow a country to function, such as roads, railways, ports, airports, communication systems, electricity and drinking water distribution networks. The Ministry of lass='cambodia-color'>...

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a major economic shock in Cambodia, having a spillover on Cambodian micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and small household farmers’ survival and business continuity.262 Digital technologies are crucial during the pandemic, in which the owners of SMEs should focus lass='cambodia-color'>...

Deforestation has always been a problem in Cambodia since the 1970s, and it has aggravated in​the last decade. Some protected areas have been deforested. Between 2001 and 2018, Cambodia had lost 557,000 hectares (11.7%) of forest cover in protected areas.310 This loss has had an lass='cambodia-color'>...

Under Cambodia’s Constitution, all Khmer citizens have equal status before the law, regardless of wealth or station.364 This promotes a political principle called the rule of law,365 an ideal that all members of a society, both the people and the State, are held equally accountable lass='cambodia-color'>...

Small and medium enterprises (SME) have long been considered a vital driver to economic growth for developing economies. SMEs stimulate job creation throughout the country. Migration of employment to neighboring countries and the unemployment rate has significantly decreased due to a rising number of SMEs, lass='cambodia-color'>...

Young man fishing with a cast net on Siem Reap river, Cambodia. Photo by Brian Hoffman, taken on 12 January 2015. Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0.Fisheries management in Cambodia is divided between centraL and LocaL governments. At the centraL LeveL, the Ministry of AgricuLture, Forestry Lass='cambodia-coLor'>...

Pandemics are disease epidemics that spread from person to person as a result of human-to-human transmission. Many medical texts do not define the term “pandemic”. However, some key characteristics of pandemics, including wide geographic spread, disease movement, novelty, severity, high attack rates and explosiveness, minimal lass='cambodia-color'>...

Cambodia has a large number of United Nations agencies, international and national non-governmental organizations (NGOs) engaged in humanitarian, rehabilitation, and development initiatives as well as disaster risk reduction and disaster management.Under the law on Disaster Management (2015), Article 32, if the National Committee for Disaster lass='cambodia-color'>...

SDG 7 focuses on affordable, reliable and sustainable access to modern energy services. This includes ensuring universal access to energy services (SDG 7.1), increasing the proportion of renewable energy sources used to supply these services (SDG 7.2) and doubling the rate of energy efficiency improvements lass='cambodia-color'>...

Starting from 2001, work began on promoting the formation of a Cambodian Stock Exchange (CSE or CSX) as a means of supporting the economic system in Cambodia’s development. A stock exchange facilitates the buying and selling of stocks among investors. Dr. Bit Seanglim, Chairman of lass='cambodia-color'>...

Cambodia restructured its economy after many years of protracted war and instability. The economy grew strongly following the country’s transition to a free-market economy as it opened to trade and capital flows. Growth was supported by the flow of development assistance, access to the European lass='cambodia-color'>...

Dr. Tan Reasmey, researcher and lecturer in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology at the Institute of Technology of Cambodia. Photo taken from the​ USAID​ Asia​ on August 18, 2016. licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0.Relevant national policy frameworksFrom the perspective of the government as lass='cambodia-color'>...

SDG 11 – “Making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable” – aims to improve housing, transport, public spaces and urban environments, and strengthens resilience to disasters and climate change.There are seven targets covering specific areas and three means of implementation targets.724 Most of the lass='cambodia-color'>...

Goal 16’s full title is “Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.” It has a monitoring framework of 12 targets (2 around means of implementation) and 23 indicators.  Transition lass='cambodia-color'>...

The Royal Government of Cambodia's land policy has three pillars: land administration, land management and land distribution. The objective of the country’s land policy is to facilitate the use and management of land and natural resources for socio-economic development in an equitable and sustainable manner. lass='cambodia-color'>...