Private land
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Rights to private land ownership were guaranteed in the 1993 Constitution and formally established by the 2001 Land Law. Despite an established legal framework to protect private property rights, those rights are often insecure for many. ...
Trade policy and regulation
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Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen were at the Aid for Trade Global Review 2019. Photo by World Trade Organization (WTO), taken on 03 July 2019. Licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0.International trade plays an essential role in improving Cambodia’s growth, employment and business opportunities. Trade policy ...
Forest cover
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Cambodian forest cover has reduced dramatically in recent decades. In 1973 there were 13.1 million hectares of total forest, but by 2014 the total cover had fallen to 8.7 million hectares. ...
Oil and gas resources
![https://www.flickr.com/photos/st33vo/5848576484](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Oil-and-Gas-Resources-150x150.jpg)
Oil and gas have been found on Cambodian territory but no commercial extraction has begun. When extraction may begin is uncertain while oil prices are at comparatively low levels. All the petroleum products for local demand are imported, chiefly from Vietnam, Singapore and Thailand. Consumption ...
SDG 8 Decent work and economic growth
![sdg8](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/SDG8-150x150.png)
SDG 8 – “Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all” – has 10 general targets and 2 means of implementation targets.75 There are 17 indicators. Some of these targets are more relevant for Cambodia than others. For ...
Education and training
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Chi Phat primary school, Koh Kong Province. Photo by ODC team, taken on 28 November 2017. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.Access to free, good quality education in Cambodia is a right set out in the country’s Constitution: Article 65: “The State shall protect and promote citizens’ ...
Water resources
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Geographically, Cambodia is rich in rivers and water bodies. These water resources play an important role in economic and social development, particularly in agriculture, industry, environmental protection and tourism sectors. ...
Forest classifications
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The classification of forests is set out in the Law on Forestry 2002. The law applies to both natural forests and plantations, and “defines the framework for management, harvesting, use, development and conservation of the forests in the Kingdom of Cambodia. The objective of this ...
Protected forest
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Protected Forests are generally established under individual sub-decrees, specifically for the purpose of protecting biodiversity and conservation. They are home to many endangered or threatened species. ...
Land transfers
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Land transfers in Cambodia assume a variety of forms involving both public and private entities. The right to transfer property to another and to be protected from forced transfer is essential to land tenure security. Land transfer capacity is a source of value for landowners, ...
Disaster preparedness and emergency response policy and administration
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In the World Risk Index for 2020, Cambodia was ranked as the 16th most vulnerable country in the world out of 181 countries listed.204 Global climate changes and ongoing disasters such as storms, floods and droughts are big challenges partly because of a lack of ...
Energy policy and administration
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Electricite du Cambodge (EdC). Photo by bmeabroad, taken on 10 November 2011. Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0.Low electrification rates and over-dependence on fossil fuel imports have contributed to Cambodia ranking 120 out of 124 nations in the new World Economic Forum’s Global Energy Architecture Performance Index ...
Infrastructure
![](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/A-national-road-in-Cambodia.-150x150.jpg)
A national road in Cambodia. Photo by Pat Scullion, taken on 2 April 2010 under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Infrastructure describes the built assets that allow a country to function, such as roads, railways, ports, airports, communication systems, electricity and drinking water distribution networks. The Ministry of ...
SDG 1 No poverty
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Sustainable Development Goal 1 (SDG 1) seeks to “end poverty in all its forms everywhere”, ensuring extreme poverty is eradicated and overall poverty is reduced by 50%.This goal provides a much more comprehensive approach than the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to the issue of poverty. ...
SDG 2 Zero hunger
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Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2) seeks to “end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture”, ensuring universal access to safe, nutritious and sufficient food for everyone at all times. Likewise, it provides a much more comprehensive approach to the issue ...
Budget
![https://www.flickr.com/photos/educationinternational/3986004343/in/photolist-75ibyG-75ejp6-75ibrs-75ejdP-75ibmA/](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Budget-150x150.jpg)
Cambodian Independent Teachers’ Association and Free Trade Union of Workers of the Kingdom of Cambodia celebrated the World Teacher Day from Cambodia. Photo by Education International, taken on 5 October 2009. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0Cambodia’s national budget determines state expenditures and revenues. It is ...
Mining
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The mining sector in Cambodia is mostly undeveloped, and active mining enterprises are typically small-scale quarries producing materials for construction, such as laterite, marble, granite, limestone, gravel and sand. There is no industrial-scale extraction of minerals, although many exploration licenses have been granted to ...
Sustainable Development Goals
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In September 2015, the UN General Assembly adopted the new 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This contained 17 items that have become known as the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), intended to drive action in critically important areas to the year 2030. These goals have ...