On-shore oil and gas exploration and extraction
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Nineteen onshore blocks have been delineated for possible oil exploration. Contracts have been awarded for three. No oil is currently extracted in Cambodia. ...
Urban administration and development
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Bird eye view of a local market in Phnom Penh. Photo by Roberto Trombetta, taken on 8 May 2015. Photo licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 GenericThe development and administration of Cambodia’s urban areas has struggled to keep pace with urban population growth. For example, ...
Economic policy and administration
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After the first general election in 1993, the government prepared and implemented a comprehensive micro- and macroeconomic policy and structural reform program to integrate Cambodia’s economy into the region and the world as well as stimulate its economic growth.42 In the two decades following that ...
Japanese aid
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Japanese military members observe as Cambodian sailors attach a neck brace to a patient during a Pacific Partnership knowledge exchange in Sihanoukville, Cambodia. Photo by U.S. Pacific Fleet, taken on 21 June 2014. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0Japan, through its official development branch called Japan ...
Land transfers
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Land transfers in Cambodia assume a variety of forms involving both public and private entities. The right to transfer property to anoTher and to be protected from forced transfer is essential to land tenure security. Land transfer capacity is a source of value for landowners, ...
Environment and natural resources
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Around three quarters of Cambodia’s population depend on agriculture, forest products and fisheries for their livelihoods, so the management of the environment and natural resources is of great importance. Deforestation has occurred on a large scale. Cambodia lost six percent of its remaining primary forest ...
SDG 11 Sustainable cities and communities
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SDG 11 – “Making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable” – aims to improve housing, transport, public spaces and urban environments, and strengthens resilience to disasters and climate change.there are seven targets covering specific areas and three means of implementation targets.210 Most of the ...
Investment policy and regulations
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Cambodia’s economy has experienced an impressive performance, reflected in its rapid economic growth and significant poverty reduction. Part of this is the result of the relative openness of Cambodia towards foreign investors. Domestic investment has also been growing, although at a lower rate than other ...
SDG 10 Reduced inequalities
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The 2030 Agenda was developed to reflect that “The international community has made significant strides towards lifting people out of poverty (). However, inequality still persists and large disparities remain in access to health and education services and oTher assets”. 300Although The number of people ...
Carbon trading and other Payments for Ecological Services (PES)
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Forest view. Photo by Open Development Cambodia, taken on 05 December 2021. Under license CC BY-SA 4.0.Cambodia is covered with forest, accounting for around 13.1 million hectares in 1973, and it is had fallen to 8.7 million hectares in 2014.326 However, based on the Ministry ...
SDG 18 Cambodia mine/ERW free
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Cambodia has added an 18th goal to its localized version of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) – “End the negative impact of mines/ERW and promote victim assistance”.368 the SDGs were adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015 as a universal call to action ...
Constitution and rights
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The Constitution of The Kingdom of Cambodia was officially promulgated by Royal Kram on 24 September 1993. Image designed by Open Development Cambodia (ODC), 10 September 2021. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.The 1993 Constitution of The Kingdom of Cambodia is The supreme law of The ...
Court monitoring
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Respect for strong values is the key to citizens’ trust in their courts.476 the international values recognized for judges are independence and impartiality, integrity, equality of treatment, diligence and competence. A judge cannot both decide a case and have a personal interest in its resolution. ...
Forest protection NGOs
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The protection of Cambodian forests is primarily The responsibility of The Ministry of Agriculture, Forests and Fisheries (MAFF) and The Ministry of Environment. There are, however, many non-governmental organizations (NGOs) working in The area, from United Nations (UN) agencies and oTher global bodies to locally-registered ...
Civil and commercial litigation
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Since 1993, the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has been working to reform the country’s legal framework, and in particular the application of justice, to provide a clear and fixed procedural system to ensure respect for individual rights and equality before the courts.542 In theory, ...
Law making process
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The law-making process is about making and enacting new laws or revising existing laws.In The Kingdom of Cambodia, three institutions can initiate The law-making process: any member of The National Assembly, any member of The Senate and The prime minister. 578 Most of The texts ...
Criminal litigation
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Criminal litigation refers to the judicial procedure held before a criminal court to resolve accusations brought against a person accused of a criminal offense. As defined in the law, “the purpose of a criminal action is to examine the existence of an offense, to prove ...
Parliament
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Upon the reinstatement of the second monarchy in 1993, Cambodian citizens are the master of their destiny and sources of all power. With the introduction of the liberal democracy in the Kingdom, all Cambodians at their 18 years or over, except where it is prescribed ...
Decentralization and deconcentration
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Decentralization and deconcentration are seen as “internally driven” reforms664, where the national government gradually delegates power, involving either administration or finance, to local governments to administer in their locality.27-year-old Sun Sovath supports his family by raising chickens, in Kampong Thom, Cambodia. Photo by World Bank Photo ...