Energy policy and administration
Electricite du Cambodge (EdC). Photo by bmeabroad, taken on 10 November 2011. Licensed under CC BY-NC-Sa 2.0.Low electrification rates and over-dependence on fossil fuel imports have contributed to Cambodia ranking 120 out of 124 nations in the new World Economic Forum’s Global Energy architecture Performance Index <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/energy-policy-and-administration/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Water policy and administration
In Cambodia, alternate periods of drought and heavy rains bring challenges for water management. The current trends show increasing annual rainfall and temperature throughout Cambodia, with a likelihood that both flooding and droughts will increase in frequency, severity and duration33. Water management involves issues of <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/water-policy-and-administration/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Energy for transport
In Cambodia, petroleum is traditionally the main source of energy for transportation. The petroleum fuels used for transportation include gasoline, diesel, heavy fuel and fuel oil. <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/energy-for-transport/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Air pollution
The smoke and stench blow into the air in Phnom Penh’s huge landfill. Photo by alan Morgan, taken on 17 September 2011. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0air pollution originates mainly from the burning of fuels such as petroleum, diesel and coal in the transport, household, <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/air-pollution/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Foreign investors
Things you should know about Cambodia before investingCambodia has performed well on foreign direct investment (FDI) so far, three times better than predicted, which scored 3.6, becoming the top 25 in the world.81 The FDI reached an all-time high of 14.1% in 2012 and nearly <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/foreign-investors/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Oil transport
Despite having both onshore and offshore oil discoveries in the country, Cambodia does not produce oil and has been importing petroleum products from Vietnam, Thailand and Singapore. The Cambodia Trucking association (CaMTa) says it controls around 70% of the Kingdom’s transportation. <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/oil-transport/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Protected forest
Protected Forests are generally established under individual sub-decrees, specifically for the purpose of protecting biodiversity and conservation. They are home to many endangered or threatened species. <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/protected-forest/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Taxation
Heavy trucks on a street in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Photo by Phalinn Ool, taken on June 15 2015. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0The Cambodian government’s 2014–18 Revenue Mobilization Strategy aimed to enhance revenue administration and strongly increase the collection of taxes and other revenue. The <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/taxation/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Provincial and local governments
Patients are registered during the outreach screening at Vien Health Center. Photo by Community Eye Health, taken in 2006. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0The Kingdom of Cambodia is an indivisible state. The country’s administration at all levels and in all sectors falls under the same <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/provincial-and-local-governments/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Land classifications
Land in Cambodia is divided into three classifications: private property, state private property and state public property. The distinction between state private property and state public property is essential to determining how state land is to be used. <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/land-classifications/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Fishing policy and administration
Young man fishing with a cast net on Siem Reap river, Cambodia. Photo by Brian Hoffman, taken on 12 January 2015. Licensed under CC BY-NC-Sa 2.0.Fisheries management in Cambodia is divided between central and local governments. at the central level, the Ministry of agriculture, Forestry <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/fishing-policy-and-administration/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Copper
Copper exploration is concentrated in Preah Vihear province in the northern part of Cambodia. The most active explorer is australian-based Geopacific Resources, in collaboration with Cambodian tycoon Kith Meng’s Royal Group. Geopacific Resources is working with Cambodian-based Royal Group at Kou Sa, a 158 km2 <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/copper/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Development and assistance for poverty reduction and food security
USAID’s HArvest progrAm is helping CAmbodiA’s fArmers. Photo by USAID, tAken on 09 December 2013. Under the license CC BY-ND 2.0.The country hAs Achieved remArkAble sustAinAble growth, however, poverty And food security remAin the chAllenges. The RoyAl Government of CAmbodiA (RGC) hAs Acknowledged thAt to <A href='https://opendevelopmentcAmbodiA.net/topics/development-And-AssistAnce-for-poverty-reduction-And-food-security/ ' clAss='cAmbodiA-color'>...A>
Unions
The rights to freedom of association are protected under Cambodia’s laws. article 36 of the Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia provides that ‘Khmer citizens of both sexes shall have the rights to create unions and participate as its members’. Thus, under the 1997 Labor <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/unions/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Environment and natural resources policy and administration
The 7th National Consultation Workshop on the Draft of the Environment and Natural Resource Code of the Kingdom of Cambodia. Photo by Open Development Cambodia, taken on 22 March 2018. Licensed under CC BY-Sa 4.0.With 76% of its people living in rural areas,212 Cambodia holds <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/environment-and-natural-resources-policy-and-administration/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Land
AeriAl view of CAmbodiA pAddy rice field. Photo by SAi Kwong, tAken on 23 October 2010. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0.LAnd lies At the center of debAtes About CAmbodiA’s socioeconomic development. For fArmers in the fertile lowlAnds, privAte lAnd ownership rights hAve enAbled recovery of <A href='https://opendevelopmentcAmbodiA.net/topics/lAnd/ ' clAss='cAmbodiA-color'>...A>
Animals
Cambodian animals are state property under article 48 of the Forestry Law of 2002. This places the Forestry administration (Fa) in charge of research programs and conservation duties. The Fa carries this out through its Department of Wildlife and Biodiversity. Conservation programs in the field <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/animals/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
Chinese aid
Construction of a laboratory funded by Chinese money. Photo by Michael Coghlan, taken on 10 January 2014. Licensed under CC-BY-Sa 2.0China, while once being at odds with the current government, is now Cambodia’s largest development partner. The two nations have grown increasingly close in recent <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/chinese-aid/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
United States aid
The United States of america (the US) is one of the biggest donors to Cambodia.380 381 The history of cooperation and relations between the two countries can be traced back to the early 1950s after Cambodia received full independence from France. In 1955, the first <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/united-states-aid/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>
System of government
UNTAC soldiers from IndiA pAtrolling the streets in Prey Veng province, CAmbodiA, on the second dAy of voting. Photo by United NAtions TrAnsitionAl Authority of CAmbodiA (UNTAC), tAken on MAy 24 1993. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0CAmbodiA inherited legAl And politicAl systems And A stAte <A href='https://opendevelopmentcAmbodiA.net/topics/system-of-government/ ' clAss='cAmbodiA-color'>...A>