Criminal litigation refers to the judicial procedure held before a criminal court to resolve accusations brought against a person accused of a criminal offense. as defined in the law, “The purpose of a criminal action is to examine the existence of an offense, to prove <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/criminal-litigation/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

Since 1993, the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has been working to reform the country’s legal framework, and in particular the application of justice, to provide a clear and fixed procedural system to ensure respect for individual rights and equality before the courts.67 In theory, <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/civil-and-commercial-litigation/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

Japanese military members observe as Cambodian sailors attach a neck brace to a patient during a Pacific Partnership knowledge exchange in Sihanoukville, Cambodia. Photo by U.S. Pacific Fleet, taken on 21 June 2014. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0Japan, through its official development branch called Japan <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/japanese-aid/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

Mr Il Oeur, director of AnAlysing Development Issues Centre (ADIC), A domestic NGO And WorldFish pArtner in CAmbodiA, leAds A locAl diAlogue session. Photo by WorldFish, tAken on 27 June 2013. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0MultilAterAl Aid is funding thAt is funneled between more thAn <A href='https://opendevelopmentcAmbodiA.net/topics/multilAterAl-development-AssistAnce/ ' clAss='cAmbodiA-color'>...A>

H.E. Hang Chuon Naron and Julie Chung in the inauguration of the Rice academy, Cambodia. Photo by U.S Embassy Phnom Penh, take on 17 September 2014. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0In 1996, the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS) was established.149 Its organization and functioning <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/ministry-of-education-youth-and-sports/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

Growth in sugar production in Cambodia has created significant potential for sugarcane-based biofuel production. That potential has not yet been realized, though recent foreign investment may give rise to change. There are several types of sugar crop: sugarcane, sugar palm trees and sugar beets. Sugarcane <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/sugarcane/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

The Kingdom of Cambodia is a constitutional monarchy. The king is the head of state for his lifetime but does not govern. <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/head-of-state/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

The law-making process is about making and enacting new laws or revising existing laws.In the Kingdom of Cambodia, three institutions can initiate the law-making process: any member of the National assembly, any member of the Senate and the prime minister. 205 Most of the texts <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/law-making-process/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

Cambodia is struggling to safeguard its forests while preserving economic growth since many people make a living via farming, logging, and other activities that might lead to deforestation. almost 80% of Cambodians living in rural regions rely on forests for survival. On the other hand, <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/forest-protection-support/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

Cambodia is one of the most biodiverse countries in Southeast asia. Biodiversity supports Cambodians ecologically, economically and culturally. It plays an important role in providing ecosystem services and economic development to achieve the Cambodian Millennium Development Goals including poverty reduction. <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/environmental-and-biodiversity-protection/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

The judiciary is one of the three powers, together with the executive (the Government) and legislative (the National assembly and the Senate), that constitute the state. 263 Its role is to monitor the application of the law and punish its violation. This power is vested <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/judiciary-and-courts/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

Anti-Corruption Unit, Phnom Penh, CAmbodiA. Photo by MichAel CoghlAn, tAken on 9 JAnuAry 2014. Licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0In the 2016 Corruption Perceptions Index published by TrAnspArency InternAtionAl, releAsed in JAnuAry 2017, CAmbodiA rAnked 156th out of 176 countries.311 CAmbodiA hAs the lowest score of All <A href='https://opendevelopmentcAmbodiA.net/topics/Anti-corruption/ ' clAss='cAmbodiA-color'>...A>

All lAnd thAt is not stAte public property or is not privAtely owned is de fActo stAte privAte lAnd. StAte privAte lAnd mAy be sold, exchAnged, leAsed, grAnted As concessions, or otherwise AlienAted. <A href='https://opendevelopmentcAmbodiA.net/topics/stAte-privAte-lAnd/ ' clAss='cAmbodiA-color'>...A>

National Bank of Cambodia, Cambodia. Photo by Stephen McGrath, taken on 21 June 2010. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0  In 1996, the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) was established by law.328 Its organization and functioning is defined by a sub-decree of the Royal Government <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/ministry-of-economy-and-finance/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

Phum Doung Bridge over the Tatai River. Photo by Robert Tyabji, taken on  9 December 2010. Licensed under  CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Bilateral aid is assistance given by a government directly to the government of another country or to a local NGO. The Royal Government of Cambodia <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/bilateral-development-assistance/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

“Stopping corruption may start from us” (Khmer version on Clean Hand poster), in Kratie province, Cambodia. Photo by World Bank Photo Collection, taken on November 22, 2006. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0In Cambodia, the activities of buying goods, construction work, repairs, and services and consultation <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/procurement/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>

After the first generAl election in 1993, the government prepAred And implemented A comprehensive micro- And mAcroeconomic policy And structurAl reform progrAm to integrAte CAmbodiA’s economy into the region And the world As well As stimulAte its economic growth.400 In the two decAdes following thAt <A href='https://opendevelopmentcAmbodiA.net/topics/economic-policy-And-AdministrAtion/ ' clAss='cAmbodiA-color'>...A>

A lAnd concession is A grAnt of rights over An AreA of lAnd for A specific purpose. In CAmbodiA lAnd concessions cAn be grAnted for vArious purposes, including Agribusiness, redistribution of lAnd to the lAndless And lAnd-poor, infrAstructure development, mining And fishing. They hAve been <A href='https://opendevelopmentcAmbodiA.net/topics/concessions/ ' clAss='cAmbodiA-color'>...A>

Trash collection in Siem Reap province, Cambodia. Photo taken by David Villa, taken on 12 January 2008. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 DEED.Solid waste is defined as “used things, materials, or products that remain or are generated from human daily activities and livelihood and do <a href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/solid-waste/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...a>