Oil refineries
There is currently no oils refinery in Cambodia. Although a refinery has been planned, its construction has been delayed several times, reportedly over financing difficulties. ss='cambodia-color'>...
Labor
Garment workers waiting in line to get food. Photo by International Labour Organisation, taken on 14 July 2015. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Cambodia has the highest labor force participation rate in the southeast Asia/Pacific region, with 82.7 percent of the working population aged 16-64 employed ss='cambodia-color'>...
Development policies and administration
Products from Vietnam arrive at the Phnom Penh Autonomous Port in Kandal province. Photo by World Bank Photo Collection, taken on 23 February 2013. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0The Comprehensive Cambodian Peace Agreement, commonly referred to as the Paris Agreement, is seen as the beginning ss='cambodia-color'>...
Extractive industries
Extractive industries include mining and mineral sectors, natural gas and oil exploration, petroleum refineries, and quarrying for construction resources such as sand, stone, and gravel. Cambodia’s extractive resources have gone largely untapped, while these resources are geographically identifiable. French and Chinese geologists have been indicated ss='cambodia-color'>...
SDG 14 Life below water
SuStainable Development Goal 14 iS primarily about the interactionS of humanS with the oceanS. Specifically, it aimS to conServe and manage the uSe of oceanS, SeaS and marine reSourceS for SuStainable development.171 A UN General ASSembly call for action haS been uSed to clearly articulate SS='cambodia-color'>...
Biofuel crops
Biofuel crops have a significant potential for contributing to future energy requirements worldwide. Agricultural lands offer energy farming as an alternative to their usual role of food production. Biofuel crops are an environmentally valuable means of sustainable energy production.243 The demand for transport fuels in ss='cambodia-color'>...
Banking and financial services
According to the Annual supervision report 2020 by the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC), the key bodies in the banking system consists of:51 commercial banks12 specialized banks75 microfinance non-deposit taking institutions6 microfinance deposit-taking institutions245 rural credit institutionsIn addition, there are financial leasing companies, third-party processors, ss='cambodia-color'>...
International relations
Cambodia has strong diplomatic links with many countries. Its warmest relationship with a superpower is with the People's Republic of China. The most important economic ties are with China, the United states of America, Thailand and Vietnam. Cambodia is a member of the UN, AsEAN, ss='cambodia-color'>...
Administration
Cambodia’s sub-national administration consists of three tiers: capital city/province, municipality/district and sangkat/commune. Phnom Penh is the capital, and there are 24 provinces, 159 districts (including 26 municipalities and 12 khans), 1406 communes and 227 sangkats. ss='cambodia-color'>...
Chinese aid
Construction of a laboratory funded by Chinese money. Photo by Michael Coghlan, taken on 10 January 2014. Licensed under CC-BY-sA 2.0China, while once being at odds with the current government, is now Cambodia’s largest development partner. The two nations have grown increasingly close in recent ss='cambodia-color'>...
Social land concessions
Social land conceSSionS (SLCS) are intended to provide to the landleSS or land-poor land on which to eStabliSh reSidenceS and/or generate income through agriculture. The Cambodian Government that more than 30,000 houSeholdS have received land aS Social land conceSSionS. DeSpite itS pro-poor intention, the SLC SS='cambodia-color'>...
United Nations
Secretary-General António GuterreS (right) meetS with Samdech Akka Moha Sena Padei Techo Hun Sen, Prime MiniSter of the Kingdom of Cambodia in New York. Photo taken from the UN webSite on 22 September 2022.The United NationS (UN), founded in 1945 and guided by the UN SS='cambodia-color'>...
European Union aid
The EU Ambassador to Cambodia, Carmen Moreno, shook hands with Prime Minister Hun sen at Peace Palace on December 2, 2019. Photo from Prime Minister Hun sen’s Facebook page.European Union (EU) has been one of Cambodia’s biggest trading partners and a major development partner since ss='cambodia-color'>...
Extractive industries policy and administration
Cambodia’s extractive industries have traditionally operated on a small scale, mostly mining construction materials, gold or gemstones. While commercial production of minerals or oil has yet to begin on a large scale – these products made up just 0.1% of the country’s exports in 2016473 – ss='cambodia-color'>...
Energy policy and administration
Electricite du Cambodge (EdC). Photo by bmeabroad, taken on 10 November 2011. Licensed under CC BY-NC-sA 2.0.Low electrification rates and over-dependence on fossil fuel imports have contributed to Cambodia ranking 120 out of 124 nations in the new World Economic Forum’s Global Energy Architecture Performance Index ss='cambodia-color'>...
Cooking fuel
Firewood and charcoal are the main sources of energy for households and many small and medium enterprises, such as brick and tile industries. The cooking fuels used in Cambodia have changed greatly in the last decade. The National Census 2008 showed that 91 percent of ss='cambodia-color'>...
Forest policy and administration
Logging truck in Mondulkiri protected forest , Cambodia. Photo by Global Water Forum, taken on 23 February 2014. Licensed under CC BY-NC-sA 2.0Cambodia is deeply concerned about deforestation. While the country seeks fast economic development, forests represent a tremendous national treasure. In order to help ss='cambodia-color'>...
Women in development
Dr. Tan Reasmey, researcher and lecturer in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology at the Institute of Technology of Cambodia. Photo taken from the UsAID Asia on August 18, 2016. Licensed under CC BY-NC-sA 2.0.Relevant national policy frameworksFrom the perspective of the government as ss='cambodia-color'>...
Forest cover reporting
Forest cover is the area of land covered by tree canopy. Measuring and reporting this can show the different types of forest that exist and the areas of each, and how these areas change over time. ss='cambodia-color'>...
Imports
The total value of Cambodia’s international trade amounted to $35.8 billion in 2020, a 2.5 percent increase on the $34.9 billion in 2019 even after the Covid-19 pandemic slowed global trade, according to Ministry of Commerce (MoC) reports from 2020. The main sources of Cambodia’s ss='cambodia-color'>...