In 2003, a national sector review for hydropower was prepared by the Ministry for Industry, Mines and Energy (now Ministry of Mines and Energy) and the Cambodian National Mekong Committee (CNMC). This report identified 60 possible sites for hydropower development in Cambodia and estimated the ...

In Cambodia, petroleum is traditionally the main source of energy for transportation. The petroleum fuels used for transportation include gasoline, diesel, heavy fuel and fuel oil. ...

Cambodian Independent Teachers’ Association and Free Trade Union of Workers of the Kingdom of Cambodia celebrated the World Teacher Day from Cambodia. Photo by Education International, taken on 5 October 2009. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0Cambodia’s national budget determines state expenditures and revenues. It is ...

According to the report on Cambodia Forest Cover 2018 issued on December 2020 by the Ministry of Environment (MoE),62 Cambodia has conducted eight national forest assessments in 1958/65, 1992/93, 1996/97, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, 2016, and 2018. The forest cover assessment from 1958-1965 has not ...

Pandemics are disease epidemics that spread from person to person as a result of human-to-human transmission. Many medical texts do not define the term “pandemic”. However, some key characteristics of pandemics, including wide geographic spread, disease movement, novelty, severity, high attack rates and explosiveness, minimal ...

Respect for strong values is the key to citizens’ trust in their courts.120 The international values recognized for judges are independence and impartiality, integrity, equality of treatment, diligence and competence. A judge cannot both decide a case and have a personal interest in its resolution. ...

Cambodia has begun to integrate disaster and climate resilience goals into its national policies but implementation remains difficult. In the National Action Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction 2014–2018, the government prioritizes the target to: “build a resilient nation and local communities to pursue sustainable development.” ...

Sustainable Development Goal 2 (SDG 2) seeks to “end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture”, ensuring universal access to safe, nutritious and sufficient food for everyone at all times. Likewise, it provides a much more comprehensive approach to the issue ...

Together, fighting climate change. Photo by 350.org, taken on 12 October 2010. Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0.Clean Development MechanismThe Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), defined in Article 12 of the Kyoto Protocol, allows a country with an emission-reduction or emission-limitation commitment under the Kyoto Protocol to ...

Young child drinks clean water in Cambodia. Photo by Cecilia Snyder, taken on 12 July 2003. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Water pollution can be defined in many different ways. Basically, it is the contamination of water when pollutants are discharged into water bodies without treatment ...

Defining and measuring forests is not an easy business. Definitions that initially sound very similar can turn out to have crucial differences. Understanding the terms is important for understanding forest use, forest cover, forest laws and policies and deforestation. ...

Cambodia’s education system is structured into a 6+3+3 formula -students spend their first 6 years in primary school (grades 1–6), followed by 3 years in secondary school (grades 7–9)  and 3 years in high school (grades 10–12) before sitting the diploma examination.294 Cambodian students are ...

Agriculture has been considered as the backbone of the national economy. Of the total population, 76% were living in rural areas and agriculture provided 31.2% of total employment and contributed 20.7% to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2019.346 However, the global pandemic caused by COVID-19 ...

Non-renewable energy sources are chiefly fossil fuels such as coal, diesel, oil and gas. They provide most of Cambodia’s locally-produced electrical supply – in 2011 diesel and heavy fuel oil generators provided 89% of local electricity generation. ...

Deforestation has always been a problem in Cambodia since the 1970s, and it has aggravated in​the last decade. Some protected areas have been deforested. Between 2001 and 2018, Cambodia had lost 557,000 hectares (11.7%) of forest cover in protected areas.396 This loss has had an ...

Rice field in Cambodia’s countryside. Photo by fmpgoh, taken on 15 July 2009. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0The main products from the agriculture sector are rice, rubber, corn, vegetables, cashews and cassava. Unprocessed agricultural exports were projected to be more than 90 percent of total agricultural ...

Cambodia has one of the youngest and fastest-growing populations in Southeast Asia, with a population of approximately 16 million in 2019.491 According to the World Bank, the country’s birth rate per 1,000 people decreased slightly, from 25.5 in 2010 to 22.4 in 2018.492 With economic growth ...

Civil StatusCambodia has one of the youngest and fastest-growing populations in Southeast Asia, with a population of approximately 16 million in 2019.507 According to the World Bank, the country’s birth rate per 1,000 people decreased slightly, from 25.5 in 2010 to 22.4 in 2018.508 With economic ...

The fundamental GIS training was successfully conducted at ODC office, Phnom Penh, from 03 to 05 February 2020. A number of civil society organizations have been invited to join this three-day training. Those organizations include Build Community Voice (BCV), People Center for Development and Peace ...

Maina Kiai speaking with journalists outside the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Phnom Penh. Photo by Maina Kiai, taken on 6 February 2014. Licensed under CC BY 2.0The first humanitarian international non-governmental organizations arrived in 1989. After the 1993 election, more and more internal organizations ...