Ministry of Economy and Finance
![](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/National-Bank-of-Cambodia-NBC-150x150.jpg)
National Bank of Cambodia, Cambodia. Photo by Stephen McGrath, taken on 21 June 2010. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 In 1996, the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) was established by law.1 Its organization and functioning is defined by a sub-decree of the Royal Government ...
Forest cover (1973-2014)
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N.B. After receiving feedback from Forestry Administration and other organizations, ODC has updated the data on this page and included forest cover 2014, adopting the methodology outlined in the notes that you can read here. Please contact us if you have any questions about these ...
Private land
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Rights to private land ownership were guaranteed in the 1993 Constitution and formally established by the 2001 Land Law. Despite an established legal framework to protect private property rights, those rights are often insecure for many. ...
The collaboration between Open Development Cambodia (ODC) and the Prek Leap National Institute of Agriculture (PLNIA)
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To promote the use of open data, ODC collaborates with several universities in Cambodia to support young researchers with their theses. In 2018, ODC and the East-West Management Institute (EWMI) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Preak Leap National Institute of Agriculture to ...
Agriculture and fishing
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Rice farmers working in the field, Kandal province, Cambodia. Photo by ILO/ Khem Sovannara, taken on 12 July 2007. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Agriculture continues to play an important role in Cambodia’s economy, but it provides a livelihood for a smaller proportion of today’s population ...
Response to COVID-19: Cambodia's economic policy and administration
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The emergence and spread of COVID-19 have brought significant economic pressure on nations around the globe. The pressures on Cambodia are evident in multiple aspects of the country’s economy. The country’s administration has halted certain operations within its economy since confirming its first case in ...
SDG 11 Sustainable cities and communities
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SDG 11 – “Making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable” – aims to improve housing, transport, public spaces and urban environments, and strengthens resilience to disasters and climate change.There are seven targets covering specific areas and three means of implementation targets.168 Most of the ...
National Bank of Cambodia
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The National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) was established through the Law on the organization and conduct of the National Bank of Cambodia in 1996.196 NBC is the nation’s central bank, whose mission is to determine and direct the monetary policy in order to maintain price ...
Ministry of Commerce
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In 1996, the Ministry of Commerce (MoC) was established by law. Its organization and functioning is defined by a sub-decree of the Royal Government of Cambodia. After a nomination of the Prime Minister’s candidate and the vote of confidence on the cabinet by the National ...
Coal
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Although exploratory work has indicated the presence of modest coal resources in northern Cambodia, no commercial-scale mining has yet begun. The coal used in electricity generation and for other purposes is imported.A coal barge from Samarinda coal mine on the Mahakam river. Indonesia, Borneo. Photo ...
Fishing, fisheries and aquaculture
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Cambodian fish farmer checking on fish quality. Photo by U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), taken on 16 October 2012. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Cambodia’s inland capture fisheries are among the largest in the world. The fishing industry encompasses subsistence, commercial and recreational fishing, as ...
Taxation
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Heavy trucks on a street in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Photo by Phalinn Ool, taken on June 15 2015. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0The Cambodian government’s 2014–18 Revenue Mobilization Strategy aimed to enhance revenue administration and strongly increase the collection of taxes and other revenue. The ...
Securities exchange policy and regulation
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For most of the 21st century, Cambodia has enjoyed significant economic expansion, moving from a period of political turmoil to emerge as one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. Cambodia achieved lower-middle-income status in 2015, largely as a result of free-market reforms, the introduction ...
Bilateral development assistance
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Phum Doung Bridge over the Tatai River. Photo by Robert Tyabji, taken on 9 December 2010. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Bilateral aid is assistance given by a government directly to the government of another country or to a local NGO. The Royal Government of Cambodia ...
National summit on influences of forestry and land regulations on local communities and comprehensive EIA process
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Open Development Cambodia (ODC) organized a national summit on “Influences of Forestry and Land Regulations on Local Communities and Comprehensive EIA Process” on 25 May 2023 with a total of 43 (13 females) representatives from the Ministry of Rural Development (MRD), CSOs, EIA firm, journalists, ...
Protected areas
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As Cambodia emerged from years of conflict, pressures grew on natural resources and sensitive areas. In response, a number of protected areas were created by royal decree in 1993 to protect ecologically and culturally important places. More detailed guidelines on managing the country’s protected areas ...
Disasters and emergency response
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Cambodia flood, 2011. Photo by European Commission, taken on 11 October 2011. Licensed under CC BY 2.0Storms, flooding and lightning strikes are the major causes of death and property damage from natural disasters in Cambodia, while drought causes severe hardship, especially for farmers. In a ...
Artisanal mining
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Artisanal mining is small-scale mining that typically involves individuals, family groups or small communities, often working with limited technology. The mining may be seasonal, fitted around other work such as farming. There is a large overlap between this type of activity and gemstone mining. Artisanal ...