Agricultural production
Rice field in Cambodia’s countryside. Photo by fmpgoh, taken on 15 July 2009. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0The main products from the agriculture sector are rice, rubber, corn, vegetables, cashews and cassava. Unprocessed agricultural exports were projected to be more than 90 percent of total agricultural href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/agricultural-production/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Infrastructure
A national road in Cambodia. Photo by Pat Scullion, taken on 2 April 2010 under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Infrastructure describes the built assets that allow a country to function, such as roads, railways, ports, airports, communication systems, electricity and drinking water distribution networks. The Ministry of href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/infrastructure/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Judiciary and courts
The judiciary is one of the three powers, together with the executive (the Government) and legislative (the National Assembly and the Senate), that constitute the state. 170 Its role is to monitor the application of the law and punish its violation. This power is vested href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/judiciary-and-courts/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Criminal litigation
Criminal litigation refers to the judicial procedure held before a criminal court to resolve accusations brought against a person accused of a criminal offense. As defined in the law, “The purpose of a criminal action is to examine the existence of an offense, to prove href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/criminal-litigation/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
United Nations
Secretary-General António Guterres (right) meets with Samdech Akka Moha Sena Padei Techo Hun Sen, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Cambodia in New York. Photo taken from the UN website on 22 September 2022.The United Nations (UN), founded in 1945 and guided by the UN href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/united-nations/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Special economic zones
A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a defined area within a country that is subject to different laws and regulations than other areas of the country. These comprehensive industrial areas provide preferential incentives to investors and offer government import-export administrative support to facilitate trade. Though href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/special-economic-zones/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Floods
In October 2020, tropical storms LINFA and NANGKA struck Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos and Thailand. The storms resulted in at least 48 fatalities, 15 missing people and more than 830,400 affected citizens, as reported by the ASEAN Coordinating Centre for Humanitarian Assistance on disaster management (the href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/floods/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Adaptation
UN’s Bali Climate Change Conference. Photo by Oxfam International, taken on 4 December 2007. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Climate change is a continuing problem. In Southeast Asia, Cambodia is one of the countries that is most affected and underprepared. As it is a developing country, href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/adaptation/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Drought
Cassava farm in Siem Reap, Cambodia. Photo by CIAT, taken on 09 December 2014. Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0The drought that Cambodia experiences is a shortage of water that is typically caused by:late onset of the rainy season (which normally occurs from May/June to October and href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/drought/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Non-governmental preparedness and response agencies
Cambodia has a large number of United Nations agencies, international and national non-governmental organizations (NGOs) engaged in humanitarian, rehabilitation, and development initiatives as well as disaster risk reduction and disaster management.Under the Law on Disaster Management (2015), Article 32, if the National Committee for Disaster href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/non-governmental-preparedness-and-response-agencies/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Agricultural commodities, processing and products
Farmers harvest corn from their farms, Cambodia. Photo by World Bank/Chhor Sokunthea, taken on 17 July 2013. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Key agricultural commodities and products include rice, rubber, corn (maize), vegetables and fruit, and cassava (tapioca). More than 90 percent of Cambodia’s agricultural exports href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/agricultural-commodities-processing-and-products/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Land classifications
Land in Cambodia is divided into three classifications: private property, state private property and state public property. The distinction between state private property and state public property is essential to determining how state land is to be used. href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/land-classifications/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Carbon trading and other Payments for Ecological Services (PES)
Forest view. Photo by Open Development Cambodia, taken on 05 December 2021. Under license CC BY-SA 4.0.Cambodia is covered with forest, accounting for around 13.1 million hectares in 1973, and it is had fallen to 8.7 million hectares in 2014.500 However, based on the Ministry href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/carbon-trading-and-other-payments-for-ecological-services-pes/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Priority health concerns
Two daughters look at their mother who is dying from HIV/AIDS, Cambodia. Photo by World Bank, taken in 2002. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Two common features mark Cambodia’s major health concerns:Some health figures are among the worst in the world – the 26 cases of href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/priority-health-concerns/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Protected areas
As Cambodia emerged from years of conflict, pressures grew on natural resources and sensitive areas. In response, a number of protected areas were created by royal decree in 1993 to protect ecologically and culturally important places. More detailed guidelines on managing the country’s protected areas href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/protected-areas/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Extractive industries policy and administration
Cambodia’s extractive industries have traditionally operated on a small scale, mostly mining construction materials, gold or gemstones. While commercial production of minerals or oil has yet to begin on a large scale – these products made up just 0.1% of the country’s exports in 2016615 – href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/extractive-industries-policy-and-administration/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Salt
Woman working in the salt fields in Kampot. Photo by douglasjonesjr, taken on 28 March 2014. Licensed under CC BY 2.0.Salt is produced in Kampot and Kep provinces, where seawater is allowed into salt evaporation ponds As the water evaporates, salt crystals are left behind href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/salt/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Landmines UXO and demining
Cambodia is one of the countries most affected by land mines and explosive remnants of war as a result of its tumultuous history. The country is working with a variety of partners to demine the country by 2019. href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/landmines-uxo-and-demining/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
SDG 1 No poverty
Sustainable Development Goal 1 (SDG 1) seeks to “end poverty in all its forms everywhere”, ensuring extreme poverty is eradicated and overall poverty is reduced by 50%.This goal provides a much more comprehensive approach than the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to the issue of poverty. href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/sdg-1-no-poverty/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Disaster preparedness and emergency response policy and administration
In the World Risk Index for 2020, Cambodia was ranked as the 16th most vulnerable country in the world out of 181 countries listed.684 Global climate changes and ongoing disasters such as storms, floods and droughts are big challenges partly because of a lack of href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/disaster-preparedness-and-emergency-response-policy-and-administration/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
