Deforestration drivers
Deforestation has been one of the most significant changes the Cambodian landscape has undergone in recent decades. Key drivers of this process have been land concessions and subsequent land conversion, and large-scale illegal logging. href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/deforestation-drivers/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Industries
Industries in Cambodia (excluding extractive industries and mining) are mostly within the garment, light manufacturing, agricultural, construction and tourism sectors. The Royal Government of Cambodia has set directions to transform Cambodia into a middle-income economy by 2030 and high-income country by 2050, as mandated in href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/industries/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Labor arbitration
Arbitration Council in session, Cambodia. Photo by ILO (Asia and the Pacific), took on 8 June 2012. Licensed under Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 GenericThe Arbitration Council was established by the 1997 Labor Law. However, the Arbitration Council just opened its doors to serve employers, employees, workers and href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/labor-arbitration/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Small and medium enterprises SME
Small and medium enterprises (SME) have long been considered a vital driver to economic growth for developing economies. SMEs stimulate job creation throughout the country. Migration of employment to neighboring countries and the unemployment rate has significantly decreased due to a rising number of SMEs, href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/small-and-medium-enterprises-sme/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Sustainable Development Goals
In September 2015, the UN General Assembly adopted the new 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This contained 17 items that have become known as the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), intended to drive action in critically important areas to the year 2030. These goals have href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/sustainable-development-goals/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Pandemics
Pandemics are disease epidemics that spread from person to person as a result of human-to-human transmission. Many medical texts do not define the term “pandemic”. However, some key characteristics of pandemics, including wide geographic spread, disease movement, novelty, severity, high attack rates and explosiveness, minimal href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/pandemics/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Japanese aid
Japanese military members observe as Cambodian sailors attach a neck brace to a patient during a Pacific Partnership knowledge exchange in Sihanoukville, Cambodia. Photo by U.S. Pacific Fleet, taken on 21 June 2014. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0Japan, through its official development branch called Japan href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/japanese-aid/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports
H.E. Hang Chuon Naron and Julie Chung in the inauguration of the Rice Academy, Cambodia. Photo by U.S Embassy Phnom Penh, take on 17 September 2014. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0In 1996, the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS) was established.159 Its organization and functioning href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/ministry-of-education-youth-and-sports/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Environmental and biodiversity protection
Cambodia is one of the most biodiverse countries in Southeast Asia. Biodiversity supports Cambodians ecologically, economically and culturally. It plays an important role in providing ecosystem services and economic development to achieve the Cambodian Millennium Development Goals including poverty reduction. href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/environmental-and-biodiversity-protection/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Forest protection support
Cambodia is struggling to safeguard its forests while preserving economic growth since many people make a living via farming, logging, and other activities that might lead to deforestation. Almost 80% of Cambodians living in rural regions rely on forests for survival. On the other hand, href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/forest-protection-support/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Law making process
The law-making process is about making and enacting new laws or revising existing laws.In the Kingdom of Cambodia, three institutions can initiate the law-making process: any member of the National Assembly, any member of the Senate and the prime minister. 209 Most of the texts href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/law-making-process/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Protected forest
Protected Forests are generally established under individual sub-decrees, specifically for the purpose of protecting biodiversity and conservation. They are home to many endangered or threatened species. href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/protected-forest/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
State private land
All land that is not state public property or is not privately owned is de facto state private land. State private land may be sold, exchanged, leased, granted as concessions, or otherwise alienated. href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/state-private-land/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Air pollution
The smoke and stench blow into the air in Phnom Penh’s huge landfill. Photo by Alan Morgan, taken on 17 September 2011. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Air pollution originates mainly from the burning of fuels such as petroleum, diesel and coal in the transport, household, href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/air-pollution/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Water policy and administration
In Cambodia, alternate periods of drought and heavy rains bring challenges for water management. The current trends show increasing annual rainfall and temperature throughout Cambodia, with a likelihood that both flooding and droughts will increase in frequency, severity and duration248. Water management involves issues of href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/water-policy-and-administration/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Solid waste
Trash collection in Siem Reap province, Cambodia. Photo taken by David Villa, taken on 12 January 2008. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 DEED.Solid waste is defined as “used things, materials, or products that remain or are generated from human daily activities and livelihood and do href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/solid-waste/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Ministry of Commerce
In 1996, the Ministry of Commerce (MoC) was established by law. Its organization and functioning is defined by a sub-decree of the Royal Government of Cambodia. After a nomination of the Prime Minister’s candidate and the vote of confidence on the cabinet by the National href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/ministry-of-commerce/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Development and assistance for poverty reduction and food security
USAID’s Harvest program is helping Cambodia’s farmers. Photo by USAID, taken on 09 December 2013. Under the license CC BY-ND 2.0.The country has achieved remarkable sustainable growth, however, poverty and food security remain the challenges. The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has acknowledged that to href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/development-and-assistance-for-poverty-reduction-and-food-security/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Wild capture commercial fishing and natural fisheries
The fishes on Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia. Photo by llee Wu, taken on 10 September 2010. Licensed under CC BY-ND 2.0The 2006 Fisheries Law classifies fishing activity into three broad categories: family or subsistence, small-scale and commercial.Commercial fishing is allowed only in the open season href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/commercial-fishing-and-natural-fisheries/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
