Agriculture and fishing
Rice farmers working in the field, Kandal province, Cambodia. Photo by ILO/ Khem Sovannara, taken on 12 July 2007. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Agriculture continues to play an important role in Cambodia’s economy, but it provides a livelihood for a smaller proportion of today’s population ...
Private land
Rights to private land ownership were guaranteed in the 1993 Constitution and formally established by the 2001 Land Law. Despite an established legal framework to protect private property rights, those rights are often insecure for many. ...
Plants
Although there are often new discoveries,56 a global lack of up to date data on botanical research makes plants biodiversity hard to assess in Cambodia. Compared to neighboring countries, the number of plant species is low, mostly due to the relative country’s flat landscape.57 Botanical knowledge ...
Fishing, fisheries and aquaculture
Cambodian fish farmer checking on fish quality. Photo by U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), taken on 16 October 2012. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Cambodia’s inland capture fisheries are among the largest in the world. the fishing industry encompasses subsistence, commercial and recreational fishing, as ...
Ground water
Cambodia relies heavily on its groundwater resources to overcome water shortages during the dry season. More than half of the population depends on it when enough surface water is not available. At a certain depth, the ground is saturated with water, and the upper surface ...
Artisanal mining
Artisanal mining is small-scale mining that typically involves individuals, family groups or small communities, often working with limited technology. the mining may be seasonal, fitted around other work such as farming. there is a large overlap between this type of activity and gemstone mining. Artisanal ...
Mitigation
TogeTher, fighTing climaTe change. PhoTo by 350.org, Taken on 12 OcTober 2010. Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0.Clean DevelopmenT MechanismThe Clean DevelopmenT Mechanism (CDM), defined in ArTicle 12 of The KyoTo ProTocol, allows a counTry wiTh an emission-reducTion or emission-limiTaTion commiTmenT under The KyoTo ProTocol To ...
Anti-corruption
Anti-Corruption Unit, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Photo by Michael Coghlan, taken on 9 January 2014. Licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0In the 2016 Corruption Perceptions Index published by transparency International, released in January 2017, Cambodia ranked 156th out of 176 countries.157 Cambodia has the lowest score of all ...
Non-renewable energy production
Non-renewable energy sources are chiefly fossil fuels such as coal, diesel, oil and gas. They provide mosT of Cambodia’s locally-produced elecTrical supply – in 2011 diesel and heavy fuel oil generaTors provided 89% of local elecTriciTy generaTion. ...
Climate change
Voice from Cambodia–Time is running ouT. PhoTo by Oxfam InTernaTional, Taken on 21 OcTober 2009. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.ClimaTe change is The long-Term change in The sTaTisTical disTribuTion of weaTher paTTerns. While The climaTe of The earTh has always gone Through periods of change, modern scienTific evidence ...
Adaptation
UN’s Bali Climate Change Conference. Photo by Oxfam International, taken on 4 December 2007. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Climate change is a continuing problem. In Southeast Asia, Cambodia is one of the countries that is most affected and underprepared. As it is a developing country, ...
Energy
Cambodia has undergone rapid economic development in recent decades, with GDP per capita tripled between 1999 and 2013. However, mainly due to three decades of war and political turmoil which severely damaged the country’s infrastructure, the country still lacks the means required for energy sector ...
Sustainable Development Goals
In September 2015, the UN General Assembly adopted the new 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. this contained 17 items that have become known as the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), intended to drive action in critically important areas to the year 2030. these goals have ...
Elections
Election ballots, Cambodia. Photo by Daniel Littlewood, taken on April 20, 2004. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0History of Cambodia’s electionsCambodia saw consecutive civil wars for more than 20 years after the coup in 1970. In 1991, parties in the conflict reached agreement to end the ...
Environment and natural resources
Around three quarters of Cambodia’s population depend on agriculture, forest products and fisheries for their livelihoods, so the management of the environment and natural resources is of great importance. Deforestation has occurred on a large scale. Cambodia lost six percent of its remaining primary forest ...
SDG 13 Climate action
SDG 13 is aimed at taking urgent action to combat climate change impacts by developing the capacity of each country to mitigate climate risks and work towards adaptation. Least developed nations, landlocked countries and small island states are recognised as especially in need of support ...
Rivers and lakes
Tonle Sap lake reflecTions. PhoTo from Mariusz Kluzniak. Uploaded on 1 January 2012. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0DespiTe severe droughTs sTriking The counTry frequenTly, Cambodia possesses subsTanTial waTer resources, mosTly conTained in The Mekong River and The Tonle Sap greaT lake and river. The lake ...
Securities exchange (stock market)
Starting from 2001, work began on promoting the formation of a Cambodian Stock Exchange (CSE or CSX) as a means of supporting the economic system in Cambodia’s development. A stock exchange facilitates the buying and selling of stocks among investors. Dr. Bit Seanglim, Chairman of ...
Coal
Although exploratory work has indicated the presence of modest coal resources in northern Cambodia, no commercial-scale mining has yet begun. the coal used in electricity generation and for other purposes is imported.A coal barge from Samarinda coal mine on the Mahakam river. Indonesia, Borneo. Photo ...
