The Bar Association of the Kingdom of Cambodia (the Association) is a non-governmental institution for Cambodia’s lawyers.  In keeping with Article 24 of the United Nations Basic Principle on the Role of Lawyers, the Association represents lawyers’ interests, promotes their continuing education and training, and href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/bar-association-legal-aid-services/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Biodiversity​ or​ Biological​ Resources:​ Various​ organisms​ in​ the​ same​ or​ different​ species​ and​ living​ organisms​ of​ all​ levels​ and​ sources,​ including​ land,​ marine​ and​ freshwater​ ecosystems,​ and​ the​ ecological​ relationships​ in​ which​ these​ ecosystems​ exist.​25​​ Biodiversity is essential for most of the resources used by href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/biodiversity/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Fish farmers operating cage culture, Cambodia. Photo by O. Joffre/WorldFish, taken on 3 October 2009. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Aquaculture production has grown significantly. In 2012 it stood at 74,000 tonnes, or almost 11 percent of total fishery production. By 2016 it had grown to href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/fish-farming-and-aquaculture/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

State public land has a public interest value or provides a public service. The land is inalienable, although it can be leased for limited uses that do not alter or damage its public value. State public land should only be reclassified if the land no href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/state-public-land/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Artisanal mining is small-scale mining that typically involves individuals, family groups or small communities, often working with limited technology. The mining may be seasonal, fitted around other work such as farming. There is a large overlap between this type of activity and gemstone mining. Artisanal href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/artisanal-mining/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Cambodian fish farmer checking on fish quality. Photo by U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), taken on 16 October 2012. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Cambodia’s inland capture fisheries are among the largest in the world. The fishing industry encompasses subsistence, commercial and recreational fishing, as href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/fishing-fisheries-and-aquaculture/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

The Cambodia Red Cross (CRC) is the principal humanitarian society in Cambodia. The government has designated it as an auxiliary to public bodies offering humanitarian assistance. In addition to the national headquarters, the CRC has 25 branches.106 CRC was founded in 1955 and has worked href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/red-cross/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Prime Minister of Cambodia, Hun Sen, and other Cambodian Ministers were at the Aid for Trade Global Review 2019. Photo by World Trade Organization (WTO), taken on 03 July 2019. Licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0.After two decades of strong economic performance, Cambodia moved into the href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/exports/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

There are four major international donors to land rights development and reform in Cambodia: the World Bank, Germany, Finland and Canada. Their support spans multiple programs and several years with the overall objective of improving land tenure security and promoting stable land markets. href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/land-tenure-and-land-titling-ngos/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Firewood and charcoal are the main sources of energy for households and many small and medium enterprises, such as brick and tile industries. The cooking fuels used in Cambodia have changed greatly in the last decade. The National Census 2008 showed that 91 percent of href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/cooking-fuel/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Deforestation has always been a problem in Cambodia since the 1970s, and it has aggravated in​the last decade. Some protected areas have been deforested. Between 2001 and 2018, Cambodia had lost 557,000 hectares (11.7%) of forest cover in protected areas.194 This loss has had an href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/forest-protection/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Rights to private land ownership were guaranteed in the 1993 Constitution and formally established by the 2001 Land Law. Despite an established legal framework to protect private property rights, those rights are often insecure for many. href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/private-land/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Cambodia's potential for uranium mining was examined in 1977 by the International Atomic Energy Agency under its International Uranium Resources Evaluation Projects and National Favorability Studies. The findings indicated that Cambodia's uranium potential is limited. href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/uranium/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Many varieties of gemstone are found in Cambodia, with rubies and sapphires being the most valuable. Diamonds and emeralds are not found here. There is no large-scale commercial mining of gems. Stones are recovered by individuals or small family or community groups. href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/gemstones/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Cambodia has strong diplomatic links with many countries. Its warmest relationship with a superpower is with the People's Republic of China. The most important economic ties are with China, the United States of America, Thailand and Vietnam. Cambodia is a member of the UN, ASEAN, href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/international-relations/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Construction on a Phnom Penh tower block. Photo by Axel Drainville, taken on 4 May 2011. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0The construction industry has boomed in Cambodia. From 2000 to November 2018, Cambodia’s Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction approved 43,136 construction projects representing href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/construction/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Ministry of Women’s Affairs. Photo taken from the Ministry’s Facebook Page, taken on 17 September 2016.EstablishmentUnder Royal Decree No. NS/RKM/0197/22, the Ministry of Women’s Affairs was formally established on 24 January 1996. The Ministry became the Ministry of Women and Veteran’s Affairs under the Royal href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/ministry-of-womens-affairs/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Cambodia restructured its economy after many years of protracted war and instability. The economy grew strongly following the country’s transition to a free-market economy as it opened to trade and capital flows. Growth was supported by the flow of development assistance, access to the European href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/investment/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Cambodian forest cover has reduced dramatically in recent decades. In 1973 there were 13.1 million hectares of total forest, but by 2014 the total cover had fallen to 8.7 million hectares. href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/forest-cover/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Starting from 2001, work began on promoting the formation of a Cambodian Stock Exchange (CSE or CSX) as a means of supporting the economic system in Cambodia’s development. A stock exchange facilitates the buying and selling of stocks among investors. Dr. Bit Seanglim, Chairman of href='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/securities-exchange-stock-market/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...