Electricity infrastructure
![](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/2841317738_9086542e7b_b-150x150.jpg)
Rural energy cooperative in Cambodia. Photo by Nomade Moderne, taken on 23 March 2006. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0The electricity distributed in Cambodia is partly generated within the country and partly imported. For many years, local generation was on a relatively small scale, and was ...
Ministry of Economy and Finance
![](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/National-Bank-of-Cambodia-NBC-150x150.jpg)
National Bank of Cambodia, Cambodia. Photo by Stephen McGrath, taken on 21 June 2010. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 In 1996, the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) was established by law.32 Its organization and functioning is defined by a sub-decree of the Royal Government ...
Court monitoring
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Respect for strong values is the key to citizens’ trust in their courts.42 The international values recognized for judges are independence and impartiality, integrity, equality of treatment, diligence and competence. A judge cannot both decide a case and have a personal interest in its resolution. ...
Infrastructure
![](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/A-national-road-in-Cambodia.-150x150.jpg)
A national road in Cambodia. Photo by Pat Scullion, taken on 2 April 2010 under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Infrastructure describes the built assets that allow a country to function, such as roads, railways, ports, airports, communication systems, electricity and drinking water distribution networks. The Ministry of ...
Rivers and lakes
![](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Tonle-Sap-lake-reflections_Mariusz-Kluzniak_January-1-2012_CC-BY-NC-ND-2.0-150x150.jpg)
Tonle Sap lake reflections. Photo from Mariusz Kluzniak. Uploaded on 1 January 2012. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Despite severe droughts striking the country frequently, Cambodia possesses substantial water resources, mostly contained in the Mekong River and the Tonle Sap great lake and river. The lake ...
Labor
![](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/19682560085_0fc495e981_h-150x150.jpg)
Garment workers waiting in line to get food. Photo by International Labour organisation, taken on 14 July 2015. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Cambodia has the highest labor force participation rate in the Southeast Asia/Pacific region, with 82.7 percent of the working population aged 16-64 employed ...
Banking and financial services
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According to the Annual supervision report 2020 by the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC), the key bodies in the banking system consists of:51 commercial banks12 specialized banks75 microfinance non-deposit taking institutions6 microfinance deposit-taking institutions245 rural credit institutionsIn addition, there are financial leasing companies, third-party processors, ...
Science and technology education and promotion
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Cambodia recognizes the important role of science and technology in the 21st century and aims to transform and integrate technology into its human resources through the education sector. Various policies and strategies are implemented to achieve the goal such as Policy guidelines for New Generation ...
Solid waste
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Trash collection in Siem Reap province, Cambodia. Photo taken by David Villa, taken on 12 January 2008. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 DEED.Solid waste is defined as “used things, materials, or products that remain or are generated from human daily activities and livelihood and do ...
Development policies and administration
![](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Development-Policy-and-Administration-150x150.jpg)
Products from Vietnam arrive at the Phnom Penh Autonomous Port in Kandal province. Photo by World Bank Photo Collection, taken on 23 February 2013. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0The Comprehensive Cambodian Peace Agreement, commonly referred to as the Paris Agreement, is seen as the beginning ...
Land tenure and land titling
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Land registration and titling of private property has been ongoing for more than a decade. As the Cambodian government works to formally register all private property, there is a dual system of soft possessory rights to be replaced by hard ownership rights through nationally-recognized title. ...
Labor arbitration
![](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Arbitration-Council-in-trial-sessions-150x150.jpg)
Arbitration Council in session, Cambodia. Photo by ILo (Asia and the Pacific), took on 8 June 2012. Licensed under attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 GenericThe Arbitration Council was established by the 1997 Labor Law. However, the Arbitration Council just opened its doors to serve employers, employees, workers and ...
National Bank of Cambodia
![](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/6694184357_9e8326dc63_c-150x150.jpg)
The National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) was established through the Law on the organization and conduct of the National Bank of Cambodia in 1996.622 NBC is the nation’s central bank, whose mission is to determine and direct the monetary policy in order to maintain price ...
Oil and gas resources
![https://www.flickr.com/photos/st33vo/5848576484](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Oil-and-Gas-Resources-150x150.jpg)
Oil and gas have been fOund On CambOdian territOry but nO cOmmercial extractiOn has begun. When extractiOn may begin is uncertain while Oil prices are at cOmparatively lOw levels. All the petrOleum prOducts fOr lOcal demand are impOrted, chiefly frOm Vietnam, SingapOre and Thailand. COnsumptiOn ...
Public land lease
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Public land leases are grants of state lands to private entities in the form of a contractual rental agreement. These leases often take the form of land concessions, in particular economic land concessions. They are often associated with land conflicts and disputes. ...
Landmines UXO and demining
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Cambodia is one of the countries most affected by land mines and explosive remnants of war as a result of its tumultuous history. The country is working with a variety of partners to demine the country by 2019. ...
Legal aid providers
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Legal aid is provided either by the Bar Association of the Kingdom of Cambodia (BAKC), internationally funded Non-Governmental organizations (NGos) and public interest law firms. A special legal team under the supervision of the Prime Minister, aiming to assist impoverished women, particularly those in prison, ...
Economic policy and administration
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After the first general election in 1993, the government prepared and implemented a comprehensive micro- and macroeconomic policy and structural reform program to integrate Cambodia’s economy into the region and the world as well as stimulate its economic growth.678 In the two decades following that ...
SDG 4 Quality education
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Sustainable Development Goal 4 – Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all – focuses on education as a fundamental human right that is necessary for the achievement of all the SDGs.784 Education supports the achievement of gender equality by empowering women and is crucial to creating ...
Tourism
![](https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/3142368854_cf3bcabb4c_c-150x150.jpg)
The Royal Government of Cambodia has acknowledged the potential of the tourism industry as a source of Cambodia’s socio-economy growth, including job creation and poverty reduction. Tourism has been considered one of Cambodia’s key economic pillars, both international and domestic. In the early 2000s, the ...