Cambodian fish farmer checking on fish quality. Photo by U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), taken on 16 October 2012. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Cambodia’s inland capture fisheries are among the largest in the world. The fishing industry encompasses subsistence, commercial and recreational fishing, as ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/fishing-fisheries-and-aquaculture/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Although there is currently no commercial-scale production of gold carried out in Cambodia, exploration by many companies is underway, with some promising find reported. Subject to government approval, commercial production could begin in 2016 or 2017. Gold is found in a number of ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/gold/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Tonle Sap lake reflections. Photo from Mariusz Kluzniak. Uploaded on 1 January 2012. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Despite severe droughts striking the country frequently, Cambodia possesses substantial water resources, mostly contained in the Mekong River and the Tonle Sap great lake and river. The lake ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/rivers-and-lakes/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Higher education, in general, refers to education beyond the secondary level. Higher education institutions (HEIs) in Cambodia can be classified into three categories: The Royal Academy, university, and college. Cambodia’s higher education consists of an associate degree, four years of undergraduate education, two years of ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/higher-education/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

The Royal Government of Cambodia has continued its effort to reform the education sector at all levels. Over the years, policies and regulations have been enforced to improve education quality, accessibility, efficiency, effectiveness, inclusiveness, and transparency. Those policies and regulations include Education Strategic Plan 2019-2023, ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/education-policy-and-administration/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Land in Cambodia is divided into three classifications: private property, state private property and state public property. The distinction between state private property and state public property is essential to determining how state land is to be used. ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/land-classifications/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Geographically, Cambodia is rich in rivers and water bodies. These water resources play an important role in economic and social development, particularly in agriculture, industry, environmental protection and tourism sectors. ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/water-resources/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Secretary-General António Guterres (right) meets with Samdech Akka Moha Sena Padei Techo Hun Sen, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Cambodia in New York. Photo taken from the UN website on 22 September 2022.The United Nations (UN), founded in 1945 and guided by the UN ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/united-nations/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Cambodia has undergone rapid economic development in recent decades, with GDP per capita tripled between 1999 and 2013. However, mainly due to three decades of war and political turmoil which severely damaged the country’s infrastructure, the country still lacks the means required for energy sector ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/energy/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

As Cambodia emerged from years of conflict, pressures grew on natural resources and sensitive areas. In response, a number of protected areas were created by royal decree in 1993 to protect ecologically and culturally important places. More detailed guidelines on managing the country’s protected areas ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/protected-areas/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Phum Doung Bridge over the Tatai River. Photo by Robert Tyabji, taken on  9 December 2010. Licensed under  CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Bilateral aid is assistance given by a government directly to the government of another country or to a local NGO. The Royal Government of Cambodia ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/bilateral-development-assistance/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Since 1993, the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has been working to reform the country’s legal framework, and in particular the application of justice, to provide a clear and fixed procedural system to ensure respect for individual rights and equality before the courts.302 In theory, ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/civil-and-commercial-litigation/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Article 68 of Cambodia’s Constitution states that the Government shall provide free primary and secondary education for all citizens and each individual shall pursue basic education for at least 9 years. Education is a fundamental engine of social and economic development for a country, especially ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/primary-and-secondary-education/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

SDG 13 is aimed at taking urgent action to combat climate change impacts by developing the capacity of each country to mitigate climate risks and work towards adaptation. Least developed nations, landlocked countries and small island states are recognised as especially in need of support ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/sdg13-climate-action/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) represents the executive wing of government. It is responsible for implementing laws and directing general affairs of the state in accordance with policy programs and state planning approved by parliament (the National Assembly and Senate). ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/executive/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Starting from 2001, work began on promoting the formation of a Cambodian Stock Exchange (CSE or CSX) as a means of supporting the economic system in Cambodia’s development. A stock exchange facilitates the buying and selling of stocks among investors. Dr. Bit Seanglim, Chairman of ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/securities-exchange-stock-market/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Flooded forest in Cambodia. Photo by Andrea Kirkby, taken 11 May 2014. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0.A 1993 royal decree designated 23 protected areas covering about 3,273,300 ha, equal to around 18% of the country’s total land area, and brought them under the jurisdiction of the Ministry ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/types-of-state-protected-areas/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry and Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen at a bilateral meeting. Photo by U.S. Embassy Phnom Penh, taken on 06 January 2016. Licensed under CC BY-ND 2.0.Cambodia is a lower middle-income country with a fast-growing economy that has sustained a ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/trade/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

According to the Annual supervision report 2020 by the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC), the key bodies in the banking system consists of:51 commercial banks12 specialized banks75 microfinance non-deposit taking institutions6 microfinance deposit-taking institutions245 rural credit institutionsIn addition, there are financial leasing companies, third-party processors, ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/banking-and-financial-services/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...

Oil and gas have been found on Cambodian territory but no commercial extraction has begun. When extraction may begin is uncertain while oil prices are at comparatively low levels. All the petroleum products for local demand are imported, chiefly from Vietnam, Singapore and Thailand. Consumption ref='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/oil-and-gas-resources/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...