Law making process
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The law-making process is about making and enacting new laws or revising existing laws.In the Kingdom of Cambodia, three institutions can initiate the law-making process: any member of the National Assembly, any member of the Senate and the prime minister. 1 Most of the texts ...
Plants
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Although there are often new discoveries,21 a global lack of up to date data on botanical research makes plants biodiversity hard to assess in Cambodia. Compared to neighboring countries, the number of plant species is low, mostly due to the relative country’s flat landscape.22 Botanical knowledge ...
Mining
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The mining sector in Cambodia is mostly undeveloped, and active mining enterprises are typically small-scale quarries producing materials for construction, such as laterite, marble, granite, limestone, gravel and sand. There is no industrial-scale extraction of minerals, although many exploration licenses have been granted to ...
Provincial and local governments
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Patients are registered during the outreach screening at Vien Health Center. Photo by Community Eye Health, taken in 2006. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0The Kingdom of Cambodia is an indivisible state. The country’s administration at all levels and in all sectors falls under the same ...
Major banks
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In 2020, COVID-19 severely impacted both the global and Cambodia economies. The banking system in Cambodia is also affected but at a moderate and manageable level.51 The National Bank of Cambodia (NBC), Cambodia Microfinance Association, and other relevant institutions pointed out the rate of the ...
Energy for transport
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In Cambodia, petroleum is traditionally the main source of energy for transportation. The petroleum fuels used for transportation include gasoline, diesel, heavy fuel and fuel oil. ...
Banking and financial services
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According to the Annual supervision report 2020 by the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC), the key bodies in the banking system consists of:51 commercial banks12 specialized banks75 microfinance non-deposit taking institutions6 microfinance deposit-taking institutions245 rural credit institutionsIn addition, there are financial leasing companies, third-party processors, ...
Solid waste
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Trash collection in Siem Reap province, Cambodia. Photo taken by David Villa, taken on 12 January 2008. Licensed under CC BY 4.0 deED.Solid waste is defined as “used things, materials, or products that remain or are generated from human daily activities and livelihood and do ...
Social land concessions
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Social land concessions (SLCs) are intended to provide to the landless or land-poor land on which to establish residences and/or generate income through agriculture. The Cambodian Government that more than 30,000 households have received land as social land concessions. despite its pro-poor intention, the SLC ...
National Bank of Cambodia
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The National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) was established through the Law on the organization and conduct of the National Bank of Cambodia in 1996.297 NBC is the nation’s central bank, whose mission is to determine and direct the monetary policy in order to maintain price ...
Terms and definitions
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Defining and measuring forests is not an easy business. Definitions that initially sound very similar can turn out to have crucial differences. UnDerstanding the terms is important for unDerstanding forest use, forest cover, forest laws and policies and Deforestation. ...
Patient rights
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Access to quality healthcare is fundamental to enhancing citizens’ livelihoods and advancing towards more sustainable growth and development in countries all over the world. Along with increasing public demand for better health infrastructure and adequate access to healthcare services, many countries face the need to ...
Biodiversity
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Biodiversity or Biological Resources: Various organisms in the same or different species and living organisms of all levels and sources, including land, marine and freshwater ecosystems, and the ecological relationships in which these ecosystems exist.365 Biodiversity is essential for most of the resources used by ...
Communal land
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Though there are multiple forms of communal property, the rights associated with indigenous communal property are subject to significant legal and socio-economic issues. Indigenous communities are culturally very different from the rest of Cambodia, and the law provides them with the opportunity to obtain collective ...
Non-renewable energy production
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Non-renewable energy sources are chiefly fossil fuels such as coal, diesel, oil and gas. They provide most of Cambodia’s locally-produced electrical supply – in 2011 diesel and heavy fuel oil generators provided 89% of local electricity generation. ...
Science and technology policy and administration
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Cambodia has the ambition to transform and digitalize the government system and its economy. The overarching determination comes after the country’s ambitious economic goal of 2050, the readiness to keep up with the region’s science and technology development, and the global megatrend, the fourth industrial ...
Science and technology
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Students gathering around 3D printed models at a construction expo in Phnom Penh. Photo by ARC Hub PNH, taken in december 2014. Used with permission from ARC Hub PNH.Cambodia has achieved considerable economic and social progress in the last few decades, but the country does ...
Electricity production
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In Cambodia, electricity demands have been forecast to grow at 17.9 percent annually from 2012 to 2020.494 Distribution of electricity around the country has been a challenge: according to UN data, 79 percent of people live in rural areas,495 and the entire national population had grown ...