Animals
Cambodian animals are state property under Article 48 of the Forestry Law of 2002. This places the Forestry Administration (FA) in charge of research programs and conservation duties. The FA carries this out through its Department of Wildlife and Biodiversity. Conservation programs in the field ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/animals/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Sugarcane
Growth in sugar production in Cambodia has created significant potential for sugarcane-based biofuel production. That potential has not yet been realized, though recent foreign investment may give rise to change. There are several types of sugar crop: sugarcane, sugar palm trees and sugar beets. Sugarcane ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/sugarcane/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
On-shore oil and gas exploration and extraction
Nineteen onshore blocks have been delineated for possible oil exploration. Contracts have been awarded for three. No oil is currently extracted in Cambodia. ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/onshore-oil-and-gas-exploration-and-extraction/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Land
Aerial view of Cambodia paddy rice field. Photo by Sai Kwong, taken on 23 October 2010. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0.Land lies at the center of debates about Cambodia’s socioeconomic development. For farmers in the fertile lowlands, private land ownership rights have enabled recovery of ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/land/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Development and assistance for poverty reduction and food security
USAID’s Harvest program is helping Cambodia’s farmers. Photo by USAID, taken on 09 December 2013. Under the license CC BY-ND 2.0.The country has achieved remarkable sustainable growth, however, poverty and food security remain the challenges. The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has acknowledged that to ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/development-and-assistance-for-poverty-reduction-and-food-security/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Forest policy and administration
Logging truck in Mondulkiri protected forest , Cambodia. Photo by Global Water Forum, taken on 23 February 2014. Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0Cambodia is deeply concerned about deforestation. While the country seeks fast economic development, forests represent a tremendous national treasure. In order to help ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/forest-policy-and-administration/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Chinese aid
Construction of a laboratory funded by Chinese money. Photo by Michael Coghlan, taken on 10 January 2014. Licensed under CC-BY-SA 2.0China, while once being at odds with the current government, is now Cambodia’s largest development partner. The two nations have grown increasingly close in recent ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/chinese-aid/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Higher education
Higher education, in general, refers to education beyond the secondary level. Higher education institutions (HeIs) in Cambodia can be classified into three categories: The Royal Academy, university, and college. Cambodia’s higher education consists of an associate degree, four years of undergraduate education, two years of ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/higher-education/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Women in development
Dr. Tan Reasmey, researcher and lecturer in the Department of Chemical engineering and Food Technology at the Institute of Technology of Cambodia. Photo taken from the USAID Asia on August 18, 2016. Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0.Relevant national policy frameworksFrom the perspective of the government as ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/women-in-development/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Elections
ElEction ballots, Cambodia. Photo by DaniEl LittlEwood, takEn on April 20, 2004. LicEnsEd undEr CC BY-NC-ND 2.0History of Cambodia’s ElEctionsCambodia saw consEcutivE civil wars for morE than 20 yEars aftEr thE coup in 1970. In 1991, partiEs in thE conflict rEachEd agrEEmEnt to End thE Ef='https://opEndEvElopmEntcambodia.nEt/topics/ElEctions/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
United Nations
Secretary-General António Guterres (right) meets with Samdech Akka Moha Sena Padei Techo Hun Sen, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Cambodia in New York. Photo taken from the UN website on 22 September 2022.The United Nations (UN), founded in 1945 and guided by the UN ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/united-nations/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Cassava
Cassava is a significant contributor to the agricultural sector in Cambodia. The planting, harvesting, processing and export of cassava provides jobs and livelihoods for thousands of Cambodians. Cassava is a significant cash crop for Cambodian farmers.533 Cassava production in Cambodia has increased substantially since 2006. ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/cassava/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Fishing, fisheries and aquaculture
Cambodian fish farmer checking on fish quality. Photo by U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), taken on 16 October 2012. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0.Cambodia’s inland capture fisheries are among the largest in the world. The fishing industry encompasses subsistence, commercial and recreational fishing, as ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/fishing-fisheries-and-aquaculture/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Garments and textiles
The garment industry has rooted in Cambodia earlier than the footwear industry. As a result of trade privileges given by the U.S. and eU, both industries have blossomed. As of 2013, the garment and footwear industries were accountable for about 80 percent of Cambodia’s total ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/garments-and-textiles/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Environment and natural resources
Around three quarters of Cambodia’s population depend on agriculture, forest products and fisheries for their livelihoods, so the management of the environment and natural resources is of great importance. Deforestation has occurred on a large scale. Cambodia lost six percent of its remaining primary forest ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/environment-and-natural-resources/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Business structures and legal registration
Since the 1990s, the Cambodian economy has recorded a substantial expansion led by the tourism, manufacturing and construction sectors. One of the highest economic growth rates in the world allowed Cambodia to become a lower-middle-income country in 2015 608The country has a strategic position in ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/business-structures-and-legal-registration/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Adaptation
UN’s Bali Climate Change Conference. Photo by Oxfam International, taken on 4 December 2007. Licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0Climate change is a continuing problem. In Southeast Asia, Cambodia is one of the countries that is most affected and underprepared. As it is a developing country, ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/adaptation/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Types of state-protected areas
Flooded forest in Cambodia. Photo by Andrea Kirkby, taken 11 May 2014. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0.A 1993 royal decree designated 23 protected areas covering about 3,273,300 ha, equal to around 18% of the country’s total land area, and brought them under the jurisdiction of the Ministry ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/types-of-state-protected-areas/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Legal aid
Under Cambodia’s Constitution, all Khmer citizens have equal status before the law, regardless of wealth or station.658 This promotes a political principle called the rule of law,659 an ideal that all members of a society, both the people and the State, are held equally accountable ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/legal-aid/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
Civil and commercial litigation
Since 1993, the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has been working to reform the country’s legal framework, and in particular the application of justice, to provide a clear and fixed procedural system to ensure respect for individual rights and equality before the courts.726 In theory, ef='https://opendevelopmentcambodia.net/topics/civil-and-commercial-litigation/ ' class='cambodia-color'>...
